A fact is immutable and cannot be changed, a truth might explain the reason behind a fact but is open to challenge.

The red shift of ancient light is a fact. The explanation that it is caused by a Doppler Effect is a truth.

Based upon a conviction that a universe which is perpetually expanding and with increasing efficiency is a perceived truth which is incompatible with the Second Law of Thermodynamics, David Lindsay has gone back to basic physics and philosophically attempted to reconcile the two truths.



He has tried to keep the narrative simple (KISS) and comes to unconventional conclusions without denying the fact of astronomical observation or compromising Einstein's premise that E=mc2. Noting that one negative observation can cause a scientific truth to be re-appraised, he presents four such observations that might deny the perceived truth of a Doppler Effect causing the red-shifting of ancient light.

David's interpretation of the science recognises that the universe is composed of two primary sources of energy. The potential energy of matter and the chaotic but stable energy of background electromagnetic radiation or light.

Both forms of energy are seen as wedded in compliance to the Second Law and Einstein's principle that mass equals energy and thus offers an explanation (or alternative truth) for the apparent non-compliance inferred by perpetual motion. David Lindsay presents a cogent alternative reason for the red-shifting phenomenon as a new truth, which of course must be open to further challenges.

The strength of the philosophical arguments presented is that the four observations are derived from four diverse sources, mathematical, observational, biological and philosophy based on accepted science.

The weakness is the lack of experimentation and, until the final pages, a paucity of mathematical proof.

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