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Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientific minds the world has ever known. He was born in Germany in 1879, and even as a young child, he showed signs of being a curious and deep thinker. Unlike many children, he was slow to speak, but he was quick to wonder about the universe. A pivotal moment came when he was five: his father showed him a magnetic compass. The mystery of the needle always pointing north, seemingly moved by an invisible force, filled him with awe and curiosity -- a feeling that never left him.
Einstein hated the rigid, rote learning of his school days, preferring to teach himself complicated topics like calculus and geometry. He eventually went to university in Switzerland but struggled to find a teaching job after graduating because his professors found him disrespectful. He finally settled for a modest position at a patent office in Bern. This seemingly dull job was actually perfect for him; he had to analyze other people's inventions, which gave his mind the time and space it needed to think about the universe's biggest puzzles. He called the patent office his "thought factory."
The Year of Miracles:
The year 1905 is known as Einstein's "Annus Mirabilis," or "Year of Miracles." While working his boring job, he published four ground-breaking scientific papers. These papers essentially changed physics forever. This equation is elegant and powerful. It states that energy ($E$) and mass ($m$) are interchangeable -- they are two sides of the same coin. The $c^2$ (the speed of light squared) shows that even a tiny amount of matter can be converted into a tremendous amount of energy.
Rethinking Space and Time:
Another one of his major contributions was the Theory of Relativity. Before Einstein, scientists believed space and time were fixed and unchanging. Einstein proposed that they were actually flexible. He showed that time can speed up or slow down depending on how fast you are moving (Special Relativity) and that massive objects, like planets and stars, cause the fabric of space and time to curve, much like a bowling ball placed on a trampoline (General Relativity). As his theories were proven true, Einstein became a global celebrity. His wild hair and deep, compassionate eyes made him an instantly recognizable figure.
When the Nazis came to power in Germany, Einstein -- who was Jewish and a passionate advocate for peace -- left Europe and settled in the United States, where he continued to work on physics and speak out for human rights and world peace until his death in 1955. His life proves that the most powerful tool we have is a curious mind unafraid to question everything.
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