The Carolingian conquest of Lombard Italy (774) was preceded by a massive effort on the part of the Church to convince the Frankish court of the legitimacy of the invasion. Relying on a terminology borrowed from Gregory I, the papal court produced an offensive portrait of the Lombards, depicted as treacherous, vile, and heathen. This article analyzes eighth-century papal epistolary and the Liber Pontificalis in order to establish the strategies behind this campaign. In a second moment, we turn to the Lombard response after the conquest, and the efforts of Paul the Deacon as well as the anonymous author of the Origo Langobardorum codicis Gothanis to question the papal portrait of the Lombards and to reclaim the Christian past of their people. Both Paul and the Gotha Origo focused on the importance of the conversion -- and especially the role of Gregory the Great -- in the rehabilitation of the Lombards. Their works, this article suggests, represent an attempt of the Lombards to dissociate their Christian faith from the conquest and to reclaim the narrative about their own past.

Avant la conquête carolingienne de la Lombardie en Italie (774), l'Église a déployé de grands efforts auprès de la cour franque pour la convaincre de la légitimité de l'invasion. En empruntant les termes de Grégoire Ier, la cour pontificale trace un portrait offensant des Lombards, les dépeignant comme étant traîtres, exécrables et sauvages. Le présent article analyse l'épistolaire papal du VIIIe siècle et le Liber Pontificalis afin d'établir les stratégies derrière cette campagne. Ensuite, il se penche sur la réaction des Lombards après la conquête et s'attarde aux efforts de Paul Diacre et de l'auteur anonyme de l'Origo Langobardorum codicis Gothanis pour remettre en question le portrait des Lombards dressé par la cour pontificale et pour se réapproprier le passé chrétien de leur peuple. Tant Paul que l'Origo de Gotha ont mis l'accent sur l'importance de la conversion - et surtout du rôle de Grégoire le Grand - dans la réhabilitation des Lombards. Cet article avance que leurs travaux constituent une tentative des Lombards de dissocier leur foi chrétienne de la conquête et de se réapproprier le récit de leur propre passé.

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